viernes, 12 de agosto de 2011

Śrī Caitanya-bhāgavata - Śrīla Vṛndāvana dāsa Ṭhākura

Śrī Caitanya-bhāgavata - Śrīla Vṛndāvana dāsa Ṭhākura

Commentary by Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.105

nagare āsiyā kare vividha vilāsa
sabāra sahita kare hāsiyā sambhāṣa

TRANSLATION

Nimāi enjoyed various pastimes in the city and smiled as He talked with the residents.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.106

yadyapi prabhura keha tattva nāhi jāne
tathāpi sādhvasa kare dekhi’ sarva-jane

TRANSLATION

Although no one knew His real identity, the residents still offered Him respects whenever they saw Him.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.107

nagare bhramaṇa kare’ śrī-śacīnandana
devera durlabha vastu dekhe sarva-jana

TRANSLATION

Although Śrī Śacīnandana is rarely seen by even the demigods, He now wandered through the streets of Navadvīpa within the sight of all.

COMMENTARY

Śrī Gaurasundara is not perceivable by even the demigods. The demigods who reside in heaven are the best of the living entities under the three modes of material nature. Their advanced position is within the jurisdiction of temporary time and temporary existence—that is, it is not eternal. Since the Absolute Truth, Gaura-Kṛṣṇa, is not visible even to the demigods, He is rarely attained; by His unlimited causeless mercy He manifests Himself only before the most fortunate souls. Such persons do not defy Him by considering Him a material object. But unfortunate persons do not see Him in this way. Their perception of the Lord is hindered by simply mundane conceptions. Therefore they achieve only some piety while seeing the Lord.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.108

uṭhilena prabhu tantu-vāyera duyāre
dekhiyā sambhrame tantu-vāya namaskare

TRANSLATION

One day the Lord went to the house of a weaver, and the weaver respectfully offered Him obeisances.

COMMENTARY

In the word tantu-vāya, tantu means “thread” and vāya comes from the verb ve, which means “weaving.” Therefore the word tantu-vāya, or in common language, tāṅti, refers to those who weave cloth from thread.

The word duyāra in the phrase tantu-vāyera duyāre is a corruption of the Sanskrit word dvāra, or “door.” The portion of Vāmana-pukura village that is even today known as Tāṅtipāḍā was inhabited at that time by cloth weavers. The late Kānticandra Rāḍhī and his grandson Phaṇībhūṣaṇa have identified themselves as belonging to the family of cloth weavers from the time of Mahāprabhu. Though they have tried to re-establish their residence at Rāmacandrapura and Bāragorā-ghāṭa, they in fact have no connection with the cloth weavers of Navadvīpa at the time of Mahāprabhu. Though the descendants of the bell metal traders of ancient Navadvīpa live in Kuliyā even today, they nevertheless go to worship goddess Ṣaṣṭhī by worshiping the ancient Sīmantinī-devī near Vāmana-pukura, at the place now known as Khālse-pāḍa. Therefore ancient Navadvīpa cannot be located at the present day places of Bāragorā-ghāṭa, Rāmacandrapura, or Sātakuliyā. The weaving communities of Bāragorā-ghāṭa and Kuliyā can never be the same as the ancient weaving communities from the time of the Lord. The weaving communities from the time of the Lord are not opposed to the Lord even today, but some members of the weaving communities of Kuliyā take advantage of the Lord while putting forward useless arguments to establish śākta philosophy.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.109

“bhāla vastra āna”,—prabhu bolaye vacana
tantu-vāya vastra ānilena sei-kṣaṇa

TRANSLATION

The Lord said, “Bring one nice piece of cloth,” and the weaver immediately brought some cloth.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.110

prabhu bole,—“e vastrera ki mūlya lai?”
tantu-vāya bole,—“tumi āpane ye dibā”

TRANSLATION

The Lord then asked, “What is the price of this cloth?” The weaver replied, “Give me whatever You like.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.111

mūlya kari’ bole prabhu,—“ebe kaḍi nāi”
tāṅti bole,—“daśe pakṣe dio ye gosāñi

TRANSLATION

After settling the price, the Lord said, “I don’t have any money right now.” The weaver then said, “O Gosāñi, You can give me in ten or fifteen days.

COMMENTARY

The words daśe pakṣe mean “after ten or fifteen days.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.112

vastra laiyā para’ tumi parama santoṣe
pāche tumi kaḍi more dio samāveśe”

TRANSLATION

“You take the cloth and happily wear it. You can pay me whenever You please.”

COMMENTARY

The word samāveśe means “after arranging, accumulating, or collecting.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.113

tantu-vāya-prati prabhu śubha-dṛṣṭi kari’
uṭhilena giyā prabhu goyālāra purī

TRANSLATION

After mercifully glancing at the weaver, the Lord continued on to the house of a cowherd.

COMMENTARY

The word purī refers to a house, a village, or a city.

The phrase goyālāra purī refers to a portion of the present day Svarūpa-gañja or Gādigāchā and Maheśa-gañja.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.114

vasilena mahāprabhu gopera duyāre
brāhmaṇa-sambandhe prabhu parihāsa kare

TRANSLATION

Mahāprabhu sat down on his veranda and began to make fun of the activities of the brāhmaṇas.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.115

prabhu bole,—“āre beṭā! dadhi dugdha āna
āji tora gharera laimu mahādāna”

TRANSLATION

The Lord said, “O son, bring Me some milk and yogurt. Today I’m going to accept charity from your house.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.116

gopa-vṛnda dekhe yena sākṣāt madana
sambhrame dilena āni’ uttama āsana

TRANSLATION

The cowherd men thought Nimāi looked just like Cupid. They respectfully offered Him a nice āsana.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.117-118

prabhu-saṅge gopa-gaṇa kare parihāsa
‘māmā māmā’ bali’ sabe karaye sambhāṣa
keha bole,—“cala, māmā, bhāta khāi giyā”
kona gopa kāndhe kari yāya ghare laiyā

TRANSLATION

They began to joke with the Lord and address Him as uncle. One of them said, “Come, uncle, let us go eat some rice.” Then one of them took Nimāi on his shoulder and carried Him to his house.

COMMENTARY

The phrase ‘māmā māmā’ bali is explained as follows: The cowherd men addressed Nimāi as their maternal uncle. In the Hindu community of Bengal, all inferior castes accept the superiority of the brāhmaṇas. That is why the lower castes address male members of the upper caste brāhmaṇa families as dādā ṭhākura even today. Since the cowherd ladies were accustomed to address Nimāi as dādā ṭhākura, or elder brother, their cowherd sons sweetly addressed Nimāi as māmā, or maternal uncle, according to familial relationship. Since Nimāi addressed the cowherd boys as beṭā, or sons, they were on the level of His son. As the Lord impulsively requests food from His servants, when Mahāprabhu also requested or desired a great donation or large present from the cowherd boys, then due to their intimate relationship with the Lord they humorously offered Him the insignificant gift of their cooked rice. The occupation or business of the cowherd community was to prepare various foodstuffs from milk. The mothers of the cowherd boys breast fed them in their infancy and later fed them solid foods like cooked rice. Therefore they also humorously proposed to feed the Lord solid foods like cooked rice rather than soft children’s foods like yogurt, milk, cheese, ghee, and butter.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.119

keha bole,—“yata bhāta gharera āmāra
pūrve ye khāilā, mane nāhika tomāra?”

TRANSLATION

Another said, “Don’t You remember how You previously ate all the rice in my house?”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.120

sarasvatī satya kahe, gopa nāhi jāne
hāse mahāprabhu gopa-gaṇera vacane

TRANSLATION

Although the cowherd boys didn’t realise it, by the grace of the transcendental goddess of learning, Sarasvatī, whatever they spoke was true. Meanwhile, Nimāi simply smiled at their words.

COMMENTARY

The cowherd boys conjectured that in His previous pastimes as Kṛṣṇa, Nimāi had accepted cooked rice from the houses of the cowherds. Their conjecture regarding Nimāi was actually the truth. Hearing their humorous proposal, the Lord was unable to conceal His internal feelings and slightly smiled. In spite of the simple-minded cowherd boys’ ignorance, Śuddhā Sarasvatī-devī made the truth appear on their tongues through their words.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.121

dugdha, ghṛta, dadhi, sara, sundara navanī
santoṣe prabhure saba gopa deya āni’

TRANSLATION

All the gopas then happily offered the Lord milk, ghee, yogurt, cream, and butter.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.122

goyālā-kulere prabhu prasanna haiyā
gandha-vaṇikera ghare uṭhilena giyā

TRANSLATION

After being satisfied by the gopas, the Lord went to the house of a perfume merchant.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.123

sambhrame vaṇik kare caraṇe praṇāma
prabhu bole,—“āre bhāi, bhāla-gandha āna”

TRANSLATION

The merchant offered his respectful obeisances to the Lord, who said, “O brother, bring Me some of your best perfume.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.124

divya-gandha vaṇik ānila tata-kṣaṇa
“ki mūlya laibā?” bole śrī-śacīnandana

TRANSLATION

The perfume merchant immediately brought some of his best perfume, and Śrī Śacīnandana inquired, “What is the price?”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.125

vaṇik bolaye,—“tumi jāna, mahāśaya!
tomā’ sthāne mūlya ki nite yukta haya?

TRANSLATION

The merchant replied, “You know, my dear sir! Is it befitting for me to take money from You?

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.126-127

āji gandha pari’ ghare yāha ta’ ṭhākura
kāli yadi gā’ye gandha thākaye pracura
duile o yadi gā’ye gandha nāhi chāḍe
tabe kaḍi dio more, yei citte paḍe”

TRANSLATION

“Today You apply this oil and go home. If after taking bath tomorrow the fragrance still remains, then You may pay me whatever You like.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.128

eta bali’ āpane prabhura sarva-aṅge
gandha deya vaṇik nā jāni kon raṅge

TRANSLATION

After saying this, the merchant happily applied the perfume on the body of the Lord.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.129

sarva-bhūta-hṛdaye ākarṣe sarva-mana
se rūpa dekhiyā mugdha nahe kon jana?

TRANSLATION

The Lord is the Supersoul of all living entities; therefore He attracts the mind of all. Who is not attracted by seeing His beautiful form?

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.130

vaṇikera anugraha kari’ viśvambhara
uṭhilena giyā prabhu mālākāra-ghara

TRANSLATION

Viśvambhara bestowed His mercy on the merchant and then continued on to the house of a florist.

COMMENTARY

The word mālākāra refers to florists or those who make flower garlands for sale. In common language they are called mālīs.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.131

parama-adbhuta rūpa dekhi mālākāra
ādare āsana diyā kare namaskāra

TRANSLATION

When the florist saw Nimāi’s most wonderful form, he offered Him obeisances and a place to sit.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.132

prabhu bole,—“bhāla mālā deha’, mālākāra!
kaḍi-pāti lage kichu nāhika āmāra”

TRANSLATION

The Lord said, “O florist, I would like a nice garland, but I have no money with Me.”

COMMENTARY

In the phrase kaḍi-pāti, which means “cash,” “expenses,” or “finance,” the word kaḍi comes from the Sanskrit word kapardaka and pāti comes from the Sanskrit word pātrī.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.133

siddha-puruṣera prāya dekhi’ mālākāra
mālī bole,—“kichu dāya nāhika tomāra”

TRANSLATION

Appreciating that Nimāi had the symptoms of a spiritually perfect soul, the florist said, “You don’t need to pay.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.134

eta bali’ mālā dila prabhura śrī-aṅge
hāse mahāprabhu sarva-paḍuyāra saṅge

TRANSLATION

After saying this, the florist garlanded the Lord, who smiled in the company of His students.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.135

mālākāra-prati prabhu śubha-dṛṣṭhi kari’
uṭhilā tāmbūlī-ghare gaurāṅga śrī-hari

TRANSLATION

After casting His merciful glance on the florist, Gaurāṅga went to the house of betel nut merchant.

COMMENTARY

The word tāmbūlī refers to those who sell tāmbūla (pān). In common language they are called tāmuli.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.136

tāmbūlī dekhaye rūpa madana-mohana
caraṇera dhūli lai’ dilena āsana

TRANSLATION

The merchant saw Nimāi’s form as more enchanting than that of Cupid. He took dust from Nimāi’s feet and offered Him a place to sit.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.137

tāmbūlī bolaye,—“baḍa bhāgya se āmāra
kon bhāgye āilā āmā’-chārera duyāra”

TRANSLATION

The merchant said, “It is my great fortune that You have come to my house, insignificant as I am.”

COMMENTARY

The word chārera refers to insignificant, abominable, fallen persons.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.138

eta bali’ āpanei parama-santoṣe
dilena tāmbūla āni’, prabhu dekhi’ hāse

TRANSLATION

In full satisfaction and without being asked, the merchant then offered betel nut to the Lord, who smiled.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.139

prabhu bole,—“kaḍi vinā kene guyā dilā
tāmbūlī bolaye,—“citte henai lailā”

TRANSLATION

The Lord then said, “Why did you give Me betel without payment?” The merchant replied, “I was inspired to.”

COMMENTARY

The word guyā is derived from the Sanskrit word guvāk, which means “betel nuts.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.140

hāse prabhu tāmbūlīra śuniyā vacana
parama-santoṣe kare tāmbūla carvaṇa

TRANSLATION

The Lord smiled on hearing the merchant’s reply, and He chewed the betel nut with great satisfaction.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.141

divya parṇa, karpūrādi yata anukūla
śraddhā kari’ dila, tā’ra nāhi nila mūla

TRANSLATION

The merchant then devotedly offered Nimāi some pan, camphor, and other spices free of cost.

COMMENTARY

In common language the word parṇa means pān, or the leaves of the tāmbūla creeper. The word anukūla refers to the various ingredients or spices used to enhance the taste of pān. The word mūla means “price.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.142

tāmbūlīre anugraha kari’ gaura-rāya
hāsiyā hāsiyā sarva-nagare veḍāya

TRANSLATION

After blessing the merchant, Gaura smiled as He continued wandering the streets of Navadvīpa.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.143

madhupurī-prāya yena navadvīpa-purī
eko jāti lakṣa-lakṣa kahite nā pāri

TRANSLATION

The city of Navadvīpa was just like Mathurā. Millions of people belonging to different castes lived there.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.144

prabhura vihāra lāgi’ pūrvei vidhātā
sakala sampūrṇa kari’ thuilena tathā

TRANSLATION

For the pleasure of the Lord, the creator had previously supplied Navadvīpa with all opulences.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.145

pūrve yena madhupurī karilā bhramaṇa
sei līlā kare ebe śacīra nandana

TRANSLATION

The son of Śacī now enjoyed the same pastimes that Kṛṣṇa had previously enjoyed while wandering the streets of Mathurā.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.146

tabe gaura gelā śaṅkha-vaṇikera ghare
dekhi’ śaṅkha-vaṇik sambhrame namaskare

TRANSLATION

Thereafter Gaura visited the house of a conch merchant, who offered the Lord due respect.

COMMENTARY

The word śaṅkha-vaṇik is known in common language as śāṅkhāri, or one who sells items made from conch shell.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.147

prabhu bole,—“divya śaṅkha āna dekhi bhāi!
kemane vā laimu śaṅkha, kaḍi-pāti nāi”

TRANSLATION

The Lord said, “Dear brother, let Me see some beautiful conches. But, alas, how will I take? I have no money.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.148

divya-śaṅkha śāṅkhāri āniyā sei-kṣaṇe
prabhura śrī-haste diyā karila praṇāme

TRANSLATION

Just then the merchant placed a beautiful conch in Nimāi’s hand and offered Him obeisances.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.149

“śaṅkha lai’ ghare tumi calaha, gosāñi!
pāche kaḍi dio, nā dile o dāya nāi”

TRANSLATION

“O Gosāñi, take this conch home with You. You may pay me later or not, it doesn’t matter.”

COMMENTARY

The word dāya means “loss,” “agitation,” or “interest.”

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.150

tuṣṭa haiyā prabhu śaṅkha vaṇikera vacane
calilena hāsi’ śubha-dṛṣṭi kari’ tā’ne

TRANSLATION

Pleased by the words of the conch merchant, the Lord glanced mercifully on him and departed.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.151

ei-mata navadvīpe yata nagariyā
sabāra mandire prabhu bulena bhramiyā

TRANSLATION

In this way the Lord visited every house in Navadvīpa.

CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 12.152

sei bhāgye adyāpi nāgarika-gaṇa
pāya śrī-caitanya-nityānandera caraṇa

TRANSLATION

For this reason even today the residents of Navadvīpa attain the lotus feet of Lord Caitanya and Lord Nityānanda.


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